History of Environmentalism

Summary of:
http://www.mtmultipleuse.org/endangered/esahistory.htm

In 1854-->Henry David Thoreau published Walden, a book about living simple in a natural setting, and Ralph Waldo Emerson began writing about nature.
1868--> John Muir moved to the Yosemite Valley in California. He hiked through the mountains and realized how valuable nature was and that it needed to be protected.
1890-->Muir and Robert Underwood Johnson create Yosemite National Park after lobbying Congress. They also created Sierra Club.
Gifford Pinchot and Muir created subgroups of the environmental movement. Pinchot said resources could be used but not abused, and Muir said that there should be preserves that no humans can touch.
1962-->Rachel Carson published Silent Spring, a book that described the dangers of pesticides. President Kennedy then made a committee to study pesticides like DDT, ultimately resulting in the ban of DDT in 1972.
The Popular Environmental Movement-->a variety of health concerns arose after 80 people died of air pollution on Thanksgiving in 1966, and 3 years later there was a huge oil spill near Santa Barbara. All of these things compunded in the first Earth Day, April 22, 1970.
Then, there was a "back to the land" movement, where people moved away from civilization and big cities. "There were three main reasons that most people went back to the land. The first was a feeling of disenchantment with modern society. They had had enough of the rules and policies of the "establishment." Also, they wanted to be "in harmony with the earth" and to have a spiritual relationship with it.
Then, the Deep Ecology Movement formed, which didn't want just shallow changes, but major ones:
"All life has its own intrinsic value.
Diversity of life has intrinsic value.
Human interference is excessive.
Humans have no right to reduce diversity.
Human life can survive with substantial decrease in population, which is necessary for non-human life.
This requires change in policies and a much different state of affairs.
The ideological change involves appreciating life quality.
Those who subscribe to the foregoing points have an obligation to implement necessary change. (Arne Naess)"